مواقع الدفع مقابل النقر على الإعلانات التي تظهر لفترة معينة (عدة ثوان) (PTC( Paid to
و هناك مواقع كثيرة تعتمد على هذه الفكرة، كما أشرنا أيضاً
و منها مواقع اختصار الروابط....
تعتمد مواقع اختصار الروابط في فكرة عملها على شيئين هامين...
1- تعمل كوكيل إعلانات بحيث تجذب كل المعلنين الكبار و الصغار الموجودين على الإنترنت، فتعرض إعلاناتهم مقابل أجر عرض هذه الإعلانات.
2- تستخدم هذه المواقع - عن طريق خدمات اختصار الروابط التي تقدمها - ما يسمى بالناشرين (Puplishers) لنشر إعلاناتها و جلب زوار للإعلانات و المعلنين..
فلدى تسجيلك في أي موقع أو شركة لاختصار الروابط كناشر، تقوم الشركة بمنحك حق اختصار أي روابط تريدها لاختصارها و نشرها على الإنترنت، فتكفل حماية الرابط الأصلي أولاً، و تضمن أن زائري الروابط لابد أنهم سيشاهدون الإعلانات حتماً، و في مقابل ذلك تعطي الناشرين نسبة ضئيلة من الأرباح، حسب عدد زوار الإعلانات.
أيضاً تعطي هذه المواقع و الشركات - غالباً - نسبة ما أو مكافأة عن جلبك أشخاص آخرين كناشرين لاختصار الروابط (Referrals) و ذلك لمساهمتك في نشر الإعلانات بشكل أكبر.
ليست كل مواقع أو شركات خدمات اختصار الروابط آمنة أو أمينة في تعاملها... و لذلك لابد أن تراعي شيئين هامين لدى تسجيلك في أي موقع يقدم هذه الخدمة...
1- إثباتات الدفع.. و إثباتات الدفع - كما أوضحنا سابقاً - تكون في الغالب صورة تثبت أن الدفع تم من الشركة..
كهذه الصورة...
و الصورة لإثبات دفع من شركة Ad.fly على بنك Alertpay
و عليك أن تتأكد من اسم الشركة في إثبات الدفع، كما لابد أن تتأكد أن البنك الذي تتعامل معه الشركة، يقبل التعامل مع دولتك.. راجع البنوك الالكترونية...
2- ألا تقبل الشركة أو المواقع التي تقدم اختصار الروابط اختصار روابط تحتوي على مواد إباحية أو جنسية، حتى لا تعرض إعلانات بها روابط أو مواد فيديو أو صور مماثلة، أو تتحول فجأة إلى ذلك النشاط، فتضيع مجهوداتك و نقودك و تجني الكثير من الذنوب، و لا شيء سواها.
3- تأكد من أن الشركة قديمة و معروفة، و هذا سهل عن طريق إيجاد مشاركات عنها في محرك البحث "جوجل Google"، بتواريخ قديمة ترجع لسنوات مضت، و ما يقوله الناس عنها بالعربية أو الإنجليزية.
مميزات مواقع اختصار الروابط:-
1- حماية الرابط الأصلي.
2- إعطائك نسبة من الأرباح تختلف حسب عدد الزوار لروابط.
3- بعض المواقع تتيح أكواد اختصار تلقائية للمنتديات و المدونات لتسهيل الأرباح.
عيوب مواقع اختصار الروابط:-
1- تعطي نسبة ضئيلة جداً من الأرباح مقابل نشر الإعلانات.
2- تخفي الرابط الأصلي فلا تعلم ما هو و لا محتواه، إلا بعد ضغطه.
3- بعضها لا يحتسب جميع نقرات الإعلانات، و بعضها يفرق بين دول و أخرى لزوار الإعلانات.
4- بعض المواقع قد تحظرها و لا تسمح بها.
و نحن بطبيعتنا سنذكر هنا أهم مواقع اختصار الروابط الأجنبية و العربية المضمونة الربح.. في تزايد تدريجي مع تفعيل لاحق لروابطها و نبذات عنها و عن عملها.
1- شركة Adf.ly.
2- شركة Adfoc.us
3- شركة Traidnet. العربية
URL shortening is a technique on the World Wide Web in which a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) may be made substantially shorter in length and still direct to the required page. This is achieved by using an HTTP Redirect on a domain name that is short, which links to the web page that has a long URL. For example, the URL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_shortening can be shortened to http://bit.ly/urlwiki, http://tinyurl.com/urlwiki, http://is.gd/urlwiki or http://goo.gl/Gmzqv. This is especially convenient for messaging technologies such as Twitter and Identi.ca which severely limit the number of characters
that may be used in a message. Short URLs allow otherwise long web
addresses to be referred to in a tweet. In November 2009, the shortened
links on one URL shortening service were accessed 2.1 billion times.[1]
Another use of URL shortening is to disguise the underlying address.
Although this may be desired for legitimate business or personal
reasons, it is open to abuse and for this reason, some URL shortening
service providers have found themselves on spam blacklists, because of
the use of their redirect services by sites trying to bypass those very
same blacklists. Some websites prevent short, redirected URLs from being
posted.[2]
Purposes
There are several reasons to use URL shortening. The free hosting space provided by Internet Service Providers
for its customers may generate an aesthetically unpleasing address.
Many web developers pass descriptive attributes in the URL to represent
data hierarchies, command structures, transaction paths or session
information. This can result in hundreds of character long URLs which
contain complex character patterns. Such URLs are difficult to memorize
and manually reproduce. As a result, long URLs must be copied-and-pasted
for reliability. Thus, short URLs may be more convenient for websites
or hard copy publications (e.g. a printed magazine or a book), the
latter often requiring that very long strings be broken into multiple
lines (as is the case with some e-mail software or internet forums) or truncated.
On Twitter and some instant-messaging
services, there is a limit to the number of characters a message can
carry. Using a URL shortener can allow linking to web pages which would
otherwise violate this constraint. Some shortening services, such as tinyurl.com and bit.ly,
can generate URLs that are human-readable, although the resulting
strings are longer than those generated by a length-optimized service.
Finally, URL shortening sites provide detailed information on the clicks
a link receives, which can be simpler than setting up an equally
powerful server-side analytics engine.
URLs encoded in two-dimensional barcodes such as QR code
are often shortened by a URL shortener in order to reduce the printed
area of the code or allow printing at lower density in order to improve
scanning reliability.
Registering a short URL
An increasing number of websites are registering their own short URLs to make sharing via Twitter and SMS
easier. This can normally be done online, at the web pages of a URL
shortening service. Short URLs often circumvent the intended use of top-level domains
for indicating the country of origin; domain registration in many
countries requires proof of physical presence within that country,
although a redirected URL has no such guarantee.
Techniques
See also: URL redirection
In URL shortening, every long URL is associated with a unique key, which is the part after http://top-level domain name/, for example http://tinyurl.com/m3q2xt has a key of m3q2xt. Not all redirection is treated equally; the redirection instruction sent to a browser can contain in its header the HTTP status 301 (permanent redirect) or 307 (temporary redirect).
There are several techniques to implement a URL shortening. Keys can be generated in base 36, assuming 26 letters and 10 numbers. In this case, each character in the sequence will be 0, 1, 2, ..., 9, a, b, c, ..., y, z.
Alternatively, if uppercase and lowercase letters are differentiated,
then each character can represent a single digit within a number of base 62 (26 + 26 + 10). In order to form the key, a hash function can be made, or a random number generated so that key sequence is not predictable. Or users may propose their own keys. For example, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TinyURL&diff=283621022&oldid=283308287 can be shortened to http://bit.ly/tinyurlwiki.
Not all protocols are capable of being shortened, as of 2011,
although protocols such as http, https, ftp, ftps, mailto, news, mms,
rtmp, rtmpt, e2dk, pop, imap, nntp, news, ldap, gopher, dict and dns are
being addressed by such services as URL Shortener. Typically, data: and javascript:
URLs are not supported for security reasons. Some URL shortening
services support the forwarding of mailto URLs, as an alternative to address munging, to avoid unwanted harvest by web crawlers or bots. This may sometimes be done using short, CAPTCHA-protected URLs, but this is not common.[3]
Tinyarro.ws, urlrace.com, and qoiob.com use Unicode
characters to achieve the shortest URLs possible, since more condensed
URLs are possible with a given number of characters compared to those
using a standard Latin alphabet.[4]
History
An early reference is US Patent 6957224,
which describes
...a system, method and computer program product for providing links to remotely located information in a network of remotely connected computers. A uniform resource locator (URL) is registered with a server. A shorthand link is associated with the registered URL. The associated shorthand link and URL are logged in a registry database. When a request is received for a shorthand link, the registry database is searched for an associated URL. If the shorthand link is found to be associated with an URL, the URL is fetched, otherwise an error message is returned.[5]
The patent was filed in September 2000; while the patent was issued
in 2005, patent applications are made public within 18 months of filing.
Another reference to URL shortening was in 2001.[6] The first notable URL shortening service, TinyURL, was launched in 2002. Its popularity influenced the creation of at least 100 similar websites,[7] although most are simply domain alternatives. Initially Twitter automatically translated long URLs using TinyURL, although it began using bit.ly in 2009.[8]
In May 2009, the service .tk, which previously generated memorable domains via URL redirection, launched tweak.tk,[9] which generates very short URLs. On 14 August 2009, WordPress announced the wp.me URL shortener for use when referring to any WordPress.com blog post.[10] In November 2009, shortened links on bit.ly were accessed 2.1 billion times.[11] Around that time, bit.ly and TinyURL were the most widely used URL-shortening services.[11]
On 10 August 2009, however, tr.im, announced that it was curtailing
the generation of new shortened URLs, but assured that existing tr.im
short URLs would "continue to redirect, and will do so until at least
December 31, 2009". A blog post on the site attributed this move to
several factors, including a lack of suitable revenue-generating
mechanisms to cover ongoing hosting and maintenance costs, a lack of
interest among possible purchasers of the service and Twitter's default
use of the bit.ly shortener.[12]
This blog post also questioned whether other shortening services can
successfully make money from URL shortening in the longer term. A few
days later, tr.im appeared to alter its stance, announcing that
it would resume all operations "going forward, indefinitely, while we
continue to consider our options in regards to tr.im's future"[13] but, as of July 11, 2011, the tr.im service failed.
In December 2009, the URL shortener TO./ NanoURL was launched by .TO. This service creates a URL address which looks like http://to./xxxx, where xxxx
represents a combination of random numbers and letters. NanoURL
currently generates the shortest URLs of all URL shortening services,
because it is hosted on a top-level domain (the one of Tonga).
This rare form of URL may cause problems with some browsers, however,
where the string is interpreted as a search term and passed to a search
engine, instead of being opened.[14] As of 2011, the service is no longer available.
On 14 December 2009, Google
announced a service called Google URL Shortener at goo.gl, which
originally was only available for use through Google products (such as Google Toolbar and FeedBurner).[15] It does, however, have two extensions (Standard and Lite versions) for Google Chrome.[16] On 21 December 2009, Google also announced a service called YouTube URL Shortener, youtu.be,[17]
and since September 2010, Google URL Shortener has become available via
a direct interface, Google's direct link (goo.gl) will ask you to prove
you're not a robot with CAPTCHA (May 2012).
Abuse
URL shortening may be utilized by spammers or for illicit internet
activities. As a result, many have been removed from online registries
or shut down by web hosts or internet service providers.
According to Tonic Corporation, the registry for .to domains, it is
"very serious about keeping domains spam free" and may remove URL
shortening services from their registry if the service is abused.[18]
In addition, "u.nu" made the following announcement upon closing operations:
The last straw came on September 3, 2010, when the server was disconnected without notice by our hosting provider in response to reports of a number of links to child pornography sites. The disconnection of the server caused us serious problems, and to be honest, the level and nature of the abuse has become quite demoralizing. Given the choice between spending time and money to find a different home, or just giving up, the latter won out.[19]
Google's url-shortener discussion group has frequently included
messages from frustrated users reporting that specific shortened URLs
have been disabled after they were reported as spam.[20]
A study in May 2012 showed that 61% of URL shorteners had shut down (614 of 1002).[21] The most common cause cited was abuse
Linkrot
The convenience offered by URL shortening also introduces potential
problems, which have led to criticism of the use of these services.
Short URLs, for example, will be subject to linkrot
if the shortening service stops working; all URLs related to the
service will become broken. It is a legitimate concern that many
existing URL shortening services may not have a sustainable business
model in the long term. This worry was highlighted by a statement from
tr.im in August 2009 (see above).[11] In late 2009, the Internet Archive
started the "301 Works" projects, together with twenty collaborating
companies (initially), whose short URLs will be preserved by the
project.[11]
The URL shortening service ur1.ca provides its entire database as a
file download, so if its website stops working, other websites may be
able to provide ways to correct broken links to URLs shortened with its
service.
Transnational law
Shortened internet links typically use foreign country domain names, and are therefore under the jurisdiction of that nation. Libya,
for instance, exercised its control over the .ly domain in October 2010
to shut down vb.ly for violating Libyan pornography laws. Failure to
predict such problems with URL shorteners and investment in URL
shortening companies may reflect a lack of due diligence.[22]
Blocking
Some websites prevent short, redirected URLs from being posted.
In 2009, the Twitter network replaced TinyURL with Bit.ly as its default shortener of links longer than twenty-six characters.[8] In April 2009, TinyURL was reported to be blocked in Saudi Arabia.[23] Yahoo! Answers blocks postings that contain TinyURLs and Wikipedia does not accept links by any URL shortening services in its articles.[24][25][26]
Privacy and security
Users may be exposed to privacy issues through the URL shortening
service's ability to track a user's behavior across many domains.
On the security side, a short URL obscures the target address, and as
a result, can be used to redirect to an unexpected site. Examples of
this are rickrolling, redirecting to shock sites,
or to affiliate websites. Short URLs can also unexpectedly redirect a
user to scam pages or pages containing malware or XSS attacks, which use
the redirect to bypass URL blacklists. TinyURL tries to disable
spam-related links from redirecting.[27] ZoneAlarm, however, has warned its users: "TinyURL may be unsafe. This website has been known to distribute spyware."
TinyURL countered this problem by offering an option to preview a link
before using a shortened URL. This ability is installed on the browser
via the TinyURL website, however, and requires the use of cookies.[28] However, a preview may also be obtained by simply prefixing the word "preview" to the front of the URL: for example, http://tinyurl.com/8kmfp could be retyped as http://preview.tinyurl.com/8kmfp
to see where the link will lead. Security professionals suggest that
users should always preview a short URL before accessing it, following
an instance where the URL shortening service cli.gs was compromised,
exposing millions of users to security uncertainties.[29]
Some URL shortening services have started filtering their links through services like Google Safe Browsing. Many sites that accept user-submitted content block links, however, to certain domains in order to cut down on spam and for this reason, known URL redirection services are often themselves added to spam blacklists.
Additional layer of complexity
Short URLs, although making it easier to access what might otherwise
be a very long URL or user-space on an ISP server, add an additional
layer of complexity to the process of retrieving web pages. Every access
requires more requests (at least one more DNS lookup and HTTP request),
thereby increasing latency, the time taken to access the page, and also
the risk of failure, since the shortening service may become
unavailable. Another operational limitation of URL shortening services
is that browsers do not resend POST bodies when a redirect is
encountered. This can be overcome by making the service a reverse proxy,
or by elaborate schemes involving cookies and buffered POST bodies, but
such techniques present security and scaling challenges, and are
therefore not used on extranets or Internet-scale services.[original research?]
